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Last Updated:Wednesday, February 21st, 1996
South American Flood Myths
Jivaran Indian (South America):
Two boys found that a snake had been stealing their food. They built a fire to drive the snake out of a hollow in a tree, where it lived. The snake fell in the fire, and one of the brothers ate some of its roasted flesh. He became very thirsty and went to the lake. He was transformed first into a frog, then a lizard, and finally into a snake, which grew rapidly; and the lake began to overflow. The snake told his brother that the lake would continue to grow and all the people would perish unless they made their escape. The brother told his people what was happening, but they didn't believe him. He fled to the top of a palm tree on the top of a mountain and returned many days later when the waters had subsided. Vultures were eating the dead people in the valley. He went to the lake and carried away his brother in a calabash. [Kelsen, in Dundes]
Aymara (Bolivia)
Kun, the snow god, grew angry at the arrogant humans and punished them by covering all of creation with snow and ice (an ice flood). After this, when all had perished, the gods of fertility sent their sons, the Eagle Men, to create new people, who were called the Paka-Jakes, who still live near Lake Titicaca.
Arekuna (Guyana):
Shortly after people arrived on earth, all crops grew on a single tree. Makunaima and his four brothers cut down the tree, and water immediately poured from the stump, and with it came fish. One of the brothers made a basket to stop the water, but Makunaima wanted a few more fish for the rivers. When he lifted the basket just a little, water came out full force, flooding the earth. [Bierhorst]
In some Guyana and Venezuela tree and flood myths, the water from the stump merely forms rivers; in other versions, the entire earth is flooded, and survivors stay in canoes or climb tall palms until the waters subside. [Bierhorst]
Makiritare (Venezuela):
The Star people listened to Jaguar and killed and ate a woman. Kuamachi wanted to punish them, but they were too many and too powerful. He invited them to help in picking _dewaka_ fruit. They came, and while they were eating friut, Kuamachi dropped one fruit. Water came out of it, spread, and caused a flood. Kuamachi and his grandfather stayed in a canoe; they got bows and arrows and shot the people who were helpless in the trees. The people fell down into the water below, which was infested with dangerous animals. Kuamachi and his grandfather ran out of arrows before shooting Wlaha, the leader of the Star people. He had caught seven arrows. He shot them into heaven, making a ladder which he, the surviving Star people, and finally Kuamachi ascended to become stars. [de Civrieux]
Shuar (Andes):
In a tobacco-induced dream, a hunter was told by the daughter of the water spirit _Tsunki_ to return to a river. He did so, met the woman, followed her to her father's house, and became her husband. When he returned to his home on earth, she took the form of a snake. Once while he was off hunting, though, his two earthly wives tormented her, and she returned to her father. _Tsunki_, in a rage, flooded the earth, drowning everyone but the hunter and one of his daughters, who escaped to a mountaintop. These two repopulated the world. [Bierhorst]
Toba (Northern Argentina):
Rainbow does not like mentruating women to enter the water, or even to drink from it. One day a young woman broke this taboo because her mother and sisters didn't leave her any drinking water when they left for the day. Driven by thirst, she went to the lagoon. When she had returned, Rainbow, full of anger, cause a strong wind, accompanied by whirlwinds and heavy rain. All were drowned in the ensuing flood. [Bierhorst]
Ipurina (Upper Amazon):
Mayuruberu, chief of the storks, caused a flood by making a kettle of water boiling in the sun overflow. Mankind survived, but all plants were destroyed except the cassia. Mayuruberu appeared with many new plants, and the Ipurina began tilling their fields. Mayuruberu ate anyone who would not work. [Kelsen, in Dundes]
Chorote (Eastern Paraguay):
In a former time when there were a great many people, the earth sank. Then water began to seep out. It kept rising until it became a flood. Some boys were saved by a white bird; all other people drowned. [Bierhorst]
Quechua:
The world wanted to come to an end. A llama, knowing this, was depressed. When its human owner complained that it wouldn't eat, the llama told him of the imminent flood and suggested they go to Villca Coto mountain. They arrived there to find the peak already filled with all kinds of animals. The flood came as soon as they arrived and lasted five days. Afterwards, the man began to multiply once more. [Salomon & Urioste]
Yamana (Tierra del Fuego):
Lexuwakipa, the rusty brown spectacled ibis, felt offended by the people, so she let it snow so much that ice came to cover the entire earth. When it melted, it rapidly flooded all the earth except five mountaintops, on which a few people escaped. Signs of the floodwaters still show up on those mountains. [Wilbert]

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